SMAP卫星海表盐度产品的检验与校正     

秦思思  王辉  朱江  万莉颖  张宇  王昊运 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(3):148-158

In this study, sea surface salinity(SSS) Level 3(L3) daily product derived from soil moisture active passive(SMAP)during the year 2016, was validated and compared with SSS daily products derived from soil Moisture and ocean salinity(SMOS) and in-situ measurements. Generally, the root mean square error(RMSE) of the daily SSS products is larger along the coastal areas and at high latitudes and is smaller in the tropical regions and open oceans. Comparisons between the two types of daily satellite SSS product revealed that the RMSE was higher in the daily SMOS product than in the SMAP, whereas the bias of the daily SMOS was observed to be less than that of the SMAP when compared with Argo floats data. In addition, the latitude-dependent bias and RMSE of the SMAP SSS were found to be primarily influenced by the precipitation and the sea surface temperature(SST). Then, a regression analysis method which has adopted the precipitation and SST data was used to correct the larger bias of the daily SMAP product. It was confirmed that the corrected daily SMAP product could be used for assimilation in high-resolution forecast models, due to the fact that it was demonstrated to be unbiased and much closer to the in-situ measurements than the original uncorrected SMAP product.  相似文献   

全水深多波束测深系统Seabeam3012在西太平洋马里亚纳海山区地形测量中的应用     

龚旭东  刁新源  吕亚军  卢志君  陶泽丹  张洪运 《海洋科学》2020,44(8):223-230

中国科学院海洋研究所在开展西太平洋马里亚纳海山区多学科综合科学考察的过程中，利用“科学”轮船载的全水深多波束测深系统Seabeam3012对多个海山进行了地形测量工作。针对作业过程中遇到的恶劣海况导致采集数据质量差、多波束系统易检测错误海底信息、测线布设难度大等问题，提出了基于船体姿态对数据质量影响分析的多波束测线方向优化、基于地形变化并参考浅地层剖面资料的作业参数优化和基于实时采集情况的多波束采集测线布设优化等一系列措施，有效地提高了海山区多波束数据采集质量，并提高了作业效率。获得的高品质地形数据，为多学科协同研究奠定了基础，为ROV等设备的现场作业提供了安全保障。  相似文献   

LA-ICP-MS in situ analyses of the pyrites in Dongyang gold deposit,Southeast China: Implications to the gold mineralization     

《China Geology》2020,3(2):230-246

The Dongyang gold deposit is a newly discovered epithermal deposit in Fujian Province, Southeast China, along the Circum-Pacific metallogenic belt. Herewith, the authors present mineralogical, scanning electron microscope, and laser ablation inductively coupled clasma mass spectrometry analysis to reveal the relations between Au and Te, As, S, Fe, etc., and discuss the gold precipitation process. The pyrites in this deposit are Fe-deficient, and are enriched in Te and As. The authors infer that As was mainly in form of As-complexes, and Te-Au-Ag inclusions/solid solution also exsits in the Py I. Along with the depletion of Te and As, they were less active chemically in the Py II, and Au may be incorporated into As-rich and Fe-deficient surface sites by chemisorption onto As-rich growth surfaces. Because of the incorporation of new fluid, Te and As became the most active chemically in the Py III, which was the main elements precipitation stage, and As dominantly substituted for S in the lattice of pyrite, due to the more reducing condition. The authors propose Au was in form of invisible gold, and the incorporation of gold can be considered as post-pyrite event, while the Au-bearing minerals were result of post incorporation of gold in arsenian pyrite.  相似文献   

水面菲涅尔反射对~761 nm叶绿素荧光估算的影响     

温颜沙  邓建明  毛志华  石静  周杨  鲁婷  陆应诚 《遥感学报》2018,22(3):424-431

叶绿素荧光是光合作用的有效探针,可用于海洋浮游植物的监测与定量评估。太阳诱导叶绿素荧光覆盖可见光—近红外650—800 nm,在～685 nm与～740 nm表现出两个形态不同的荧光峰特征。基于～685 nm荧光峰的叶绿素浓度反演算法较为成熟,但在高悬浮物和高叶绿素浓度的水体中,算法的有效性不足。基于叶绿素荧光在氧气吸收谱段(O2-A)的填充作用,水体遥感反射率光谱～761 nm峰值中包含有太阳诱导叶绿素荧光信号,能用于水体叶绿素浓度的估算,但该反射峰形态特征还取决于传感器的光谱分辨率。本研究基于不同光谱分辨率的大气吸收谱线特征,模拟了水体遥感反射率光谱(750—775 nm)上太阳诱导叶绿素荧光的信号响应特征;分析了利用遥感反射率(～761 nm)计算叶绿素荧光的原理,阐明了不同光谱分辨率条件下水体叶绿素荧光信号在反射光谱上的形态变化规律。采用水面以上测量法获取的离水光谱辐亮度,包含了水面的菲涅尔反射信号,由于真实的菲涅尔系数难以准确测量,这给基于～761 nm处遥感反射率峰值的荧光信号估算带来不确定性影响。研究表明,假定菲涅尔系数为0时,虽然～761 nm叶绿素荧光信号与其浓度具有较好的线性统计关系,但却带来较大的不确定性;这种不确定的影响,在低浓度叶绿素水体中表现明显,在高浓度叶绿素水体中,影响相对较小;准确估算菲涅尔系数,有助于减少这种不确定性影响。对基于遥感反射率～761 nm叶绿素荧光信号的深入探讨,将能推动未来水体叶绿素荧光的识别与利用。  相似文献   

盾构机轴线方位角解算原理研究     

薄志义  王坡  张楠 《北京测绘》2006,(3):18-21

以德国VMT公司的TMB制导系统SLS-T为例,主要解析了盾构机轴线方位角测量原理,并完整地推导了盾构机姿态参数公式。由于国外导向系统的核心原理不公开,因此本文的研究成果,为隧道施工工程技术人员深入理解激光导向系统原理以及开发国产的自动导向系统提供了理论基础。  相似文献   

用于厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)研究的海气耦合模式综述：中间型和混合型模式     

张荣华 《海洋与湖沼》2024,55(1):1-23

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(El Niño-Southern Oscillation, ENSO)是地球气候系统中最强的年际变率信号, 起源于热带太平洋海气相互作用过程, 并对全球的天气和气候等产生显著的影响。过去几十年来, 广泛、深入而细致的海气相互作用研究致力于发展和改进海气耦合模式以用于ENSO模拟和预测, 各种类型的海气耦合模式应运而生。经过半个多世纪的努力, ENSO数值模式及其应用已经取得了巨大进展, 包括已发展了一些高度理想化的概念(concept)模型来解释ENSO准周期性循环(包括正负反馈机制等); 同时也已发展了几类复杂程度不同的海气耦合模式并用于对ENSO的真实模拟和实时预测等研究, 尤其是已能提前6个月或更长时间对ENSO事件的发生和发展等进行有效的实时预测。其中最为复杂的模式是基于原始方程组的大气环流模式(Atmospheric General Circulation Models, AGCMs)与海洋环流模式(Oceanic General Circulation Models, OGCMs)等所组成的环流型耦合模式(Coupled General Circulation Models, CGCMs), 这类模式变量取为完全变量的形式(如总的海表温度场, 其可以分解为气候态部分和年际异常部分), 还考虑了尽可能详尽的物理过程及其参数化方案。中间型耦合模式(Intermediate Coupled Models, ICMs)是一类介于高度理想化概念模型与复杂的环流型耦合模式之间的简化模式, 其对应的控制方程组采用距平形式, 直接取大气和海洋年际异常场作为预报变量(如海表温度年际异常), 而相应的气候平均态部分则由对应的观测资料来给定; 大气与海洋模式间的耦合采用异常耦合(anomaly coupling)。混合型耦合模式(Hybrid Coupled Models, HCMs)是另一类简化的海气耦合模式, 其中海洋或大气模式有一个分量模式采用了简化的距平类模式(类似于ICMs),而另一个分量模式则采用环流型模式(General Circulation Models, GCMs); 如可采用统计的大气风应力年际异常模式与OGCM间的耦合而构建一种HCM_OGCM,也可采用简化的海洋距平类模式(如ICM中的海洋分量模式)与AGCM间的耦合而构建另一种HCM^AGCM。历史上, ICMs、HCMs和CGCMs等这几类耦合模式都在ENSO理论体系的发展、数值模拟和实时预测等方面都起到了重要作用。本文主要回顾作者与合作者所研发的ICMs和HCMs的构建、特点和应用例子等。  相似文献   

Comparative analysis of significant wave height between a new Southern Ocean buoy and satellite altimeter          下载免费PDF全文

Jianjun Kang  Runyu Mao  Yiting Chang  Hongli Fu 《大气和海洋科学快报》2021,14(5):49-55

中国于2019年第35次南极考察中,首次在南大洋布放了锚系实时综合观测浮标(西风带海洋环境监测浮标,WEMB),为深入了解此海区的海洋环境变化提供了宝贵资料.国家海洋技术中心WEMB研究团队基于AVISO公开发布的多颗卫星高度计L3产品,通过数据配对,误差统计和最小二乘线性拟合等方法,对西风带海洋环境监测浮标的有效波高数据误差进行了分析与校正.校正后的浮标有效波高统计显示西风带常年处于大浪以上海况,观测期间内57％处于巨浪海况,并且伴随有高度相关的大风天气.  相似文献   

Discriminating characters of ore-forming intrusions in the super-large Chalukou porphyry Mo deposit,NE China     

Peixin Duan  Cui Liu  Xuanxue Mo  Jinfu Deng  Jinhua Qin  Yu Zhang  Shipan Tian 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(5):1417-1431

The Chalukou porphyry Mo deposit, located in the Great Hinggan Range, is the largest Mo deposit in northeast China, although the age and genesis of the associated magmatic intrusions remain debated.Here we report zircon U-Pb ages and trace elements, whole rock geochemistry and Sre Nd isotope data with a view to understand the relationship between the magmatism and molybdenum mineralization.Zircon U-Pb analysis yield an age of 475 Ma for rhyolite in the older strata, 168 Ma for the premineralization monzogranite, and 154 Ma for the syn-mineralization granite porphyry. The granite porphyry and quartz porphyry are considered as the ore-forming intrusions. These rocks are peraluminous, alkali-calcic, and belong to high-K to shoshonitic series with a strong depletion of Eu. They also display characteristics of I-type granites. The rocks exhibit wide variations of(87 Sr/86 Sr)iin the range of 0.705426 -0.707363, and ε_(Nd)(t) of -3.7 to 0.93. Zircon REE distribution patterns show characteristics between crust and the mantle, implying magma genesis through crust-mantle interaction. The Fe_2O_3/FeO values(average 1) for the whole rock and EuN/Eu*Nvalues(average 0.45), Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+) values(average 301)for zircon grains from the granite porphyry are higher than those from other lithologies. These features suggest that the ore-forming intrusions(syn-mineralization porphyry) had higher oxygen fugacity conditions than those of the pre-mineralization and post-mineralization rocks. The Chalukou Mo deposit formed in relation to the southward subduction of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. Our study suggests that the subduction-related setting, crust-mantle interaction, and the large-scale magmatic intrusion were favorable factors to generate the super-large Mo deposits in this area.  相似文献   

The Swedish Geotechnical Society’s methodology for risk management: a tool for engineers in their everyday work     

Johan Spross  Lars Olsson  Håkan Stille 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2018,12(3):183-189

The Swedish Geotechnical Society has adopted a general methodology for risk management in geotechnical engineering projects to reduce the costs related to negative outcomes of geotechnical risks. This technical note highlights the main features of the methodology and strives to inspire the international geotechnical community to apply sensible risk management methods. In the authors’ opinion, a successful geotechnical risk management needs to be structured, be tailored to the project, and permeate the engineers’ everyday work. Then, sufficient quality can be achieved in the project with larger probability.  相似文献   

新特提斯洋俯冲起始的地质记录:土耳其南部蛇绿岩和变质底板     

陈晨  苏本勋  景揭俊  肖燕  林伟  褚杨  刘霞  白洋 《岩石学报》2018,34(11):3302-3314

在现行板块构造理论的框架下,板块的初始俯冲是岩浆活动和构造运动发生转变的重要过程,亦是理解板块运动的关键节点。在俯冲起始过程中,主要存在四个方面的地质记录,分别为一系列地球化学成分多样的岩浆活动、SSZ型蛇绿岩、变质底板和玻安岩及其对应的铬铁矿床。特提斯造山带作为公认的研究板块构造理论尤其是初始俯冲的关键场所,一直备受地学界的重视。而土耳其南部构造带作为特提斯造山带的重要组成部分,亦是确定亚欧板块和阿拉伯板块之间缝合线存在的重要标志。该南部构造带是研究新特提斯洋俯冲起始的理想场所,上述关于俯冲初始的四个地质记录均保存良好,且有如下方面的重要特点:1)不同地区的镁铁质岩石甚至同一地区的镁铁质岩石具有不同的地球化学特征,从似洋中脊玄武岩,到过渡型岩石类型和玻安质岩石均有发育; 2)大部分蛇绿岩具有完整的序列,各单元及变质底板岩石中普遍发育侵入的基性岩脉,产状多变,是多期岩浆事件的产物; 3)蛇绿岩下部通常发育一套角闪岩相变质底板,且其年龄与蛇绿岩的形成年龄基本一致; 4)蛇绿岩中普遍发育铬铁矿床,以高Cr型为主,部分蛇绿岩中还赋存高Al-高Cr的过渡型铬铁矿,均被认为是幔源岩浆与地幔橄榄岩反应的产物。因而,这些地质体完整记录了新特提斯洋形成-俯冲-消减的演化过程。  相似文献